This paper is only available as a PDF. To read, Please Download here.
In a series of event-related potential (ERP) studies, we have consistently demonstrated
an ERP component correlate of visual short-term memory. There have been frequent reports
on the deficits of information encoding, retention, and retrieval in chronic alcoholics.
In the present study, we investigated that the ERP mnemonic effects could be influenced
by long-term alcohol abuse. ERP data were recorded from 48 controls and 77 alcoholics
while the subjects performed a modified delayed matching to sample paradigm using
a series of object pictures as stimuli. The alcoholics completed the task with more
errors and longer response times than the controls. The major differences in the evoked
potentials between the two groups are found at the temporo-occipital and frontal regions
in the sample and nonmatching trials, and mostly prominent in the right hemisphere.
The current study indicates that the ERP technique can be a useful tool to index short-term
memory. The ERP mnemonic effect difference between the two groups may be a reflection
of a working memory deficit caused by long-term alcohol abuse. Our data also suggest
right hemisphere dysfunction in alcoholics, with deficits in information encoding.
Key Words
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Biological PsychiatryAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- The performance of amnesic subjects on tests of experimental amnesia in animals: Delayed matching-to-sample and concurrent learning.Neuropsychologia. 1988; 26: 265-272
- Event-related potentials and the semantic matching of pictures.Brain Cogn. 1990; 14: 201-212
- Responses of neurons in the inferior temporal cortex in short term and serial recognition memory tasks.Exp Brain Res. 1987; 65: 614-622
- A neurophysiologic correlate of visual short-term memory in humans.Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1993; 87: 46-53
- Event-related potentials differentiate priming and recognition to familiar and unfamiliar faces.Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1995; 94: 41-49
- Lateralized cerebral dysfunction in early and late stage alcoholics.J Stud Alcohol. 1986; 47: 213-218
- Separating cognitive impairment in neurologically asymptomatic alcoholism from Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: Is the neuropsychological distinction justified?.Psychol Bul. 1990; 107: 355-366
- Delayed matching to sample and concurrent learning in nonamnesic humans with alcoholic dependence.Neuropsychologia. 1992; 30: 427-435
- Clinical assessment of memory disorders in amnesia and dementia.Annu Rev Psychol. 1995; 46: 493-523
- A massively parallel architecture for a self-organizing neuronal pattern recognition machine.Comput Vis Graph Image Processing. 1987; 37: 54-115
- Words, pictures, and priming: On semantic activation, conscious identification, and the automaticity of information processing.J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1982; 8: 757-777
- The long and short of it in amnesia.in: Cermak LS Craik FIM Human Memory and Amnesia. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Paris1982: 43-59
- Specific psychological deficits in alcoholism.Br J Psychiatry. 1978; 133: 119-122
- New method for titrating differences in scalp topographic patterns in brain evoked potential mapping.Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1989; 74: 359-366
- Role of inferior temporal neurons in visual memory: I. Temporal encoding of information about visual images, recalled images, and behavioral context.J Neurophysiol. 1992; 68: 1277-1295
- Neuronal activity related to visual recognition memory: Long term memory and the encoding of recency and familiarity information in the primate anterior and medial inferior temporal and rhinal cortex.Exp Brain Res. 1993; 90: 397-412
- Cognitive event-related potential components during continuous recognition memory for pictures.Psychophysiology. 1990; 27: 136-148
- Longitudinal and cross-sectional comparisons of young children's cognitive ERPs and behavior in a picture-matching task: Preliminary findings.Int J Psychophysiol. 1990; 8: 213-221
- Mnemonic coding of visual space in the monkey's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.J Neurophysiol. 1989; 61: 331-349
- Picture naming.Cognition. 1992; 42: 61-105
- (High function of the brain)Circuitry of primate prefrontal cortex and regulation of behavior by representational memory.in: Mountcastle VB Plum F Geiger SR Handbook of physiology, sect 1: The nervous system. vol 5. American Physiological Society, Hillsdale, NJ1987: 373-473
- Topography of cognition: Parallel distributed networks in primate association cortex.Annu Rev Neurosci. 1988; 11: 137-156
- Wernicke's encephalopathy: A more common disease than realized.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1979; 46: 593-598
- Event-related potentials to faces: The effects of priming and recognition.Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1994; 92: 342-351
- Event related potentials reflect semantic priming in an object decision task.Brain Cogn. 1994; 24: 259-276
- Korsakoff and alcoholic subjects are severely impaired in animal tasks of associative memory.Neuropsychologia. 1986; 24: 671-680
- Self-Organization and Associative Memory.Springer Verlag, Bethesda, MD1988
- Recognizing words, pictures, and concepts: A comparison of lexical, object and reality decisions.J Verbal Learning Verbal Behav. 1984; 23: 39-66
- Local estimate of surface laplacian derivation on a realistically-shaped scalp surface and its performance on noisy data.Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1994; 92: 433-441
- Parallel Distributed Processing. vols 1 and 2. MIT Press, New York1986
- Cerebral hemispheric lateralization of cognitive deficits, due to alcoholism.J Nerv Ment Dis. 1979; 167: 212-217
- Inferotemporal neuron activities and colour discrimination with delay.Brain Res. 1980; 182: 65-78
- A mechanism for working and recognition memory in inferior temporal cortex.Science. 1991; 254: 1377-1379
- Activity of neurons in anterior inferior temporal cortex during a short-term memory task.J Neurosci. 1993; 13: 1460-1478
- A memory system in the monkey.Phil Trans R Soc. 1982; B298: 85-95
- N400 to semantically anomalous pictures and words.J Cogn Neurosci. 1992; 4: 15-22
- A visual study of surface potentials and Lapacians due to distributed neocortical sources: Computer simulations and evoked potentials.Brain Topogr. 1991; 4: 151-168
- Learning and memory deficits in detoxified alcoholics [review].NIDA research monograph. 1990; 101: 136-155
- Clinical and experimental approaches to varieties of memory.Int J Neurosci. 1991; 58: 135-150
- Matching- and delayed matching-to-sample performance as measures of visual processing, selective attention, and memory in aging and alcoholic individuals.Neuropsychologia. 1985; 23: 639-651
- Nonmatching-(oddity) and delayed matching-to-sample performance in aging, alcoholic, and alcoholic Korsakoff individuals.Psychobiology. 1989; 17: 424-430
- Human brain electrophysiology and alcoholism.in: Tarter RE Thiel DH Alcohol and the Brain. Plenum, Cambridge, MA1985: 139-182
- Neurophysiologic factors and alcoholism.in: Nixon SJ Hunt WA NIAAA monograph 22. Alcohol-Induced Brain Damage. 1993: 89-120
- Chronometric Explorations of Mind.Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, New York1978
- Seeing the mind.Science. 1993; 262: 673-674
- Semantic processing of pictures and spoken words: Evidence from event related potentials.Brain Cogn. 1994; 24: 137-157
- The effects of visual stimulation and memory on neurons of the hippocampal formation and the neighboring parahippocampal gyrus and inferior temporal cortex of the primate.J Neurosci. 1991; 11: 1763-1779
- Inconstant nonverbal recognition memory in Korsakoff patients and controls.Neuropsychologia. 1977; 15: 269-276
- Specificity of memory deficits in alcoholism.Recent Dev Alcohol. 1987; 5: 81-109
- Specific memory deficits associated with prolonged alcohol abuse.Alcoholism. 1981; 5: 378-385
- Age and alcoholism: Independent memory decrements.Alcoholism. 1984; 8: 42-47
- Classification and recall of pictures after unilateral frontal or temporal lobectomy.Cortex. 1986; 22: 189-211
- The propagation potential.Bio Phys J. 1991; 60: 556-567
- A standardized set of 260 pictures: Norms for the naming agreement, familiarity, and visual complexity.J Exp Psychol Hum Learn Mem. 1980; 6: 174-215
- Semantic priming effects on picture and word processing.Mem Cogn. 1979; 7: 339-345
- Human amnesia and animal models of amnesia: Performance of amnesic patients on tests designed for the monkey.Behav Neurosci. 1988; 102: 210-221
- Activation of the hippocampus in normal humans: A functional anatomical study of memory.in: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 89. 1992: 1837-1841
- Verbal and motor memory in the amnesic syndrome.Neuropsychologia. 1970; 8: 75-88
- Neuropsychology of alcoholism.in: Tarter RE Thiel DH Alcohol and the Brain. Plenum, Hillsdale, NJ1985: 217-242
- Brain lesions in alcoholics: A neuropathological study with clinical correlations.J Neurol Sci. 1982; 56: 233-248
- The interhemispheric functional organization on human visual-spatial perception.Neuroreport. 1995; 6: 925-928
- Activity of inferior temporal neurons during orientation discrimination with successively presented gratings.J Neurophysiol. 1994; 71: 1428-1452
- The chronic effects of alcohol on memory.Recent Dev Alcohol. 1987; 5: 5-25
- Dissociation of object and spatial processing domains in primate prefrontal cortex.Science. 1993; 260: 1955-1958
- Access to identity specified semantic codes from familiar faces.Q J Exp Psychol. 1986; 38A: 271-295
- Event related potentials during object recognition tasks.Brain Res Bull. 1995; 38: 531-538
- Medial temporal lesions in monkeys impair memory on a variety of tasks sensitive to human amnesia.Behav Neurosci. 1985; 99: 22-34
Article info
Publication history
Received in revised form:
October 26,
1996
Received:
April 18,
1995
Identification
Copyright
© 1997 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc.
