Abstract
Background
Cognitive dysfunction is one of the most prominent characteristics of psychiatric
disorders. Currently, the neural correlates of cognitive dysfunction across psychiatric
disorders are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate functional
connectivity and structural perturbations across psychiatric diagnoses in three neurocognitive
networks of interest: the default mode network (DMN), the frontoparietal network (FPN),
and the salience network (SN).
Methods
We performed meta-analyses of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging
whole-brain seed-based functional connectivity in 8298 patients (involving eight disorders)
and 8165 healthy control subjects and a voxel-based morphometry analysis of structural
magnetic resonance imaging data in 14,027 patients (involving eight disorders) and
14,504 healthy control subjects. To aid the interpretation of the results, we examined
neurocognitive function in 776 healthy participants from the Human Connectome Project.
Results
We found that the three neurocognitive networks of interest were characterized by
shared alterations of functional connectivity architecture across psychiatric disorders.
More specifically, hypoconnectivity was expressed between the DMN and ventral SN and
between the SN and FPN, whereas hyperconnectivity was evident between the DMN and
FPN and between the DMN and dorsal SN. This pattern of network alterations was associated
with gray matter reductions in patients and was localized in regions that subserve
general cognitive performance.
Conclusions
This study is the first to provide meta-analytic evidence of common alterations of
functional connectivity within and between neurocognitive networks. The findings suggest
a shared mechanism of network interactions that may associate with the generalized
cognitive deficits observed in psychiatric disorders.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 22, 2018
Accepted:
November 16,
2018
Received in revised form:
November 8,
2018
Received:
June 22,
2018
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Society of Biological Psychiatry.
