Background
U.S. nationwide estimates indicate that 50% to 80% of prisoners have a history of
substance abuse or dependence. Tailoring substance abuse treatment to specific needs
of incarcerated individuals could improve effectiveness of treating substance dependence
and preventing drug abuse relapse. We tested whether pretreatment neural measures
of a response inhibition (Go/NoGo) task would predict which individuals would or would
not complete a 12-week cognitive behavioral substance abuse treatment program.
Methods
Adult incarcerated participants (n = 89; women n = 55) who volunteered for substance abuse treatment performed a Go/NoGo task while
event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded. Stimulus- and response-locked ERPs
were compared between participants who completed (n = 68; women = 45) and discontinued (n = 21; women = 10) treatment.
Results
As predicted, stimulus-locked P2, response-locked error-related negativity (ERN/Ne),
and response-locked error positivity (Pe), measured with windowed time-domain and
principal component analysis, differed between groups. Using logistic regression and
support-vector machine (i.e., pattern classifiers) models, P2 and Pe predicted treatment
completion above and beyond other measures (i.e., N2, P300, ERN/Ne, age, sex, IQ,
impulsivity, depression, anxiety, motivation for change, and years of drug abuse).
Conclusions
Participants who discontinued treatment exhibited deficiencies in sensory gating,
as indexed by smaller P2; error-monitoring, as indexed by smaller ERN/Ne; and adjusting
response strategy posterror, as indexed by larger Pe. The combination of P2 and Pe
reliably predicted 83.33% of individuals who discontinued treatment. These results
may help in the development of individualized therapies, which could lead to more
favorable, long-term outcomes.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 18, 2013
Accepted:
September 25,
2013
Received in revised form:
September 24,
2013
Received:
May 6,
2013
Identification
Copyright
© 2014 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
