Advertisement
Commentary| Volume 66, ISSUE 3, P199-200, August 01, 2009

Where's the Fun in That? Broadening the Focus on Reward Function in Depression

  • Erika E. Forbes
    Correspondence
    Address reprints requests to Erika E. Forbes, M.S., Ph.D., University of Pittsburgh, WPIC—Loeffler 319, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
    Affiliations
    Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
    Search for articles by this author
      In the search for the neural substrates of depression, some recent work has suggested that the disruption of reward processing occurs as part of the essential pathophysiology of the disorder. Depression has long been conceptualized as a disorder of dysregulated positive affect and unusual reward processing (
      • Forbes E.E.
      • Dahl R.E.
      Neural systems of positive affect: Relevance to understanding child and adolescent depression?.
      ), and affective neuroscience findings have begun to support this perspective. Research on reward represents a shift away from a focus primarily on aspects of depression related to negative affect and threat processing. More important, this research direction could offer the potential to develop treatments that target reward-related circuits and thereby offer hope to those who exhibit dysfunction in those circuits.
      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment

      Purchase one-time access:

      Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to Biological Psychiatry
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      References

        • Forbes E.E.
        • Dahl R.E.
        Neural systems of positive affect: Relevance to understanding child and adolescent depression?.
        Dev Psychopathol. 2005; 17: 827-850
        • Lewinsohn P.M.
        • Pettit J.W.
        • Joiner Jr, T.E.
        • Seeley J.R.
        The symptomatic expression of major depressive disorder in adolescents and young adults.
        J Abnorm Psychol. 2003; 112: 244-252
        • Dunlop B.W.
        • Nemeroff C.B.
        The role of dopamine in the pathophysiology of depression.
        Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007; 64: 327-337
        • Nestler E.J.
        • Carlezon Jr., W.A.
        The mesolimbic dopamine reward circuit in depression.
        Biol Psychiatry. 2006; 59: 1151-1159
        • Forbes E.E.
        • Shaw D.S.
        • Dahl R.E.
        Alterations in reward-related decision making in boys with recent and future depression.
        Biol Psychiatry. 2007; 61: 633-639
        • Nandrino J.L.
        • Dodin V.
        • Martin P.
        • Henniaux M.
        Emotional information processing in first and recurrent major depressive episodes.
        J Psychiatr Res. 2004; 38: 475-484
        • Davey C.G.
        • Yucel M.
        • Allen N.B.
        The emergence of depression in adolescence: Development of the prefrontal cortex and the representation of reward.
        Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2008; 32: 1-19
        • Dreher J.C.
        • Meyer-Lindenberg A.
        • Kohn P.
        • Berman K.F.
        Age-related changes in midbrain dopaminergic regulation of the human reward system.
        Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008; 105: 15106-15111
        • Monroe S.M.
        • Rohde P.
        • Seeley J.R.
        • Lewinsohn P.M.
        Life events and depression in adolescence: Relationship loss as a prospective risk factor for first onset of major depressive disorder.
        J Abnorm Psychol. 1999; 108: 606-614
        • O'Donnell J.M.
        • Marek G.J.
        • Seiden L.S.
        Antidepressant effects assessed using behavior maintained under a differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (DRL) operant schedule.
        Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2005; 29: 785-798
        • Schlaepfer T.E.
        • Cohen M.X.
        • Frick C.
        • Kosel M.
        • Brodesser D.
        • Axmacher N.
        • et al.
        Deep brain stimulation to reward circuitry alleviates anhedonia in refractory major depression.
        Neuropsychopharmacology. 2008; 33: 368-377