Background
Personality traits are associated with substance dependence (SD); genetic factors
may influence both. Strong associations between ADH4 variation and SD have been reported.
We aimed to investigate the relationship between ADH4 variation and personality traits
in the present study.
Methods
We assessed dimensions of the five-factor model of personality in 243 subjects with
SD (175 European Americans [EAs] and 68 African Americans [AAs]) and 296 healthy control
subjects (256 EAs and 40 AAs). We also genotyped 7 ADH4 markers (spanning the locus)
and 38 unlinked ancestry-informative markers in these subjects. The relationships
between the diplotypes, alleles, and genotypes at ADH4 and personality traits were
examined using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), controlling for potential
confounders.
Results
Generally, SD patients, older individuals, and male subjects scored higher on neuroticism
and lower on other personality factors. Personality factors were associated with the
diplotypes. The allele A or genotype A/A of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)6
(rs1800759 at the gene promoter) was significantly associated with agreeableness scores.
There were associations between extraversion and SNP1 (hcv2033010 at the 3′ end) and
SNP2 (rs1042364 in exon 9) in subjects with higher conscientiousness scores.
Conclusions
The personality traits of agreeableness and extraversion are related to ADH4 polymorphism.
Among the ADH4 markers that appear to predispose to certain personality traits, the
functional variant rs1800759 (SNP6) in the promoter region is most important. We conclude
that personality traits and SD have a partially overlapping genetic basis.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 30, 2006
Accepted:
May 11,
2006
Received in revised form:
April 27,
2006
Received:
March 6,
2006
Identification
Copyright
© 2007 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
