Abstract
Information processing in the primate brain is based on the complementary principles
of modular and distributed information processing. The former emphasizes the specialization
of functions within different brain areas. The latter emphasizes the massively parallel
nature of brain networks and the fact that function also emerges from the flow of
information between brain areas. The localization of function to specific brain areas
(“functional segregation”) is the commonest approach to investigating function; however,
an emerging, complementary approach (“functional integration”) describes function
in terms of the information flow across networks of areas. Here, we highlight recent
advances in neuroimaging methodology that have made it possible to investigate the
anatomical architecture of networks in the living human brain with diffusion tensor
imaging (DTI). We also highlight recent thinking on the ways in which functional imaging
can be used to characterize information transmission across networks in the human
brain (functional and effective connectivity).
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 19, 2004
Accepted:
February 3,
2004
Received in revised form:
January 26,
2004
Received:
August 13,
2003
Identification
Copyright
© 2004 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
