Advertisement
Editorial| Volume 52, ISSUE 10, P917-920, November 15, 2002

Learning and “unlearning” fears: preparedness, neural pathways, and patients

  • Michael W Otto
    Affiliations
    Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Cognitive-Behavior Therapy Program, WACC-812, Massachusetts General Hospital, 15 Parkman Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
    Search for articles by this author
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01719-5
Learning and “unlearning” fears: preparedness, neural pathways, and patients
Previous ArticleEditoral Board
Next ArticleTiming is everything: does the robust upregulation of noradrenergically regulated plasticity genes underlie the rapid antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation?
      Given the dramatic success of exposure-based treatments for the anxiety disorders, it is not surprising that clinical procedures advanced separately from developments in extinction research in animal laboratories. Bridging this gap between clinical and animal researchers was a major goal of the Satellite Symposium for the 2002 Anxiety Disorders Association of America (ADAA) conference. The title of the symposium, “Learning and ‘Unlearning’ Fears: Preparedness, Neural Pathways, and Patients,” reflects the consideration of this topic from evolutionary, neuroanatomic, learning, and clinical perspectives. This symposium was sponsored jointly by the ADAA, the ADAA Scientific Advisory Board, and the National Institute of Mental Health, and was supported by an unrestricted educational grant to the ADAA from Wyeth Pharmaceuticals.
      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment

      Purchase one-time access:

      Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to Biological Psychiatry
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Register: Create an account
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      References

        • Barlow D.H.
        • Gorman J.M.
        • Shear M.K.
        • Woods S.W.
        • et al.
        Cognitive-behavioral therapy, imipramine, or their combination for panic disorder.
        JAMA. 2000; 283: 2529-2536
        View in Article

      2. Bouton ME (2002): Context, ambiguity, and unlearning: Sources of relapse after behavioral extinction. Biol Psychiatry 52:976–986

        View in Article

      3. Davis M, Myers KM (2002): The role of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid in fear extinction: Clinical implications for exposure therapy. Biol Psychiatry 52:998–1007

        View in Article

      4. Foa EB, Franklin ME, Moser J (2002): Context in the clinic: How well do cognitive-behavioral therapies and medications work in combination? Biol Psychiatry 52:987–997

        View in Article
        • Foa E.B.
        • Kozak M.J.
        Emotional processing of fear.
        Psychol Bull. 1986; 99: 20-35
        View in Article
        • Gardenswartz C.A.
        • Craske M.G.
        Prevention of panic disorder.
        Behav Ther. 2001; 32: 725-737
        View in Article

      7. Grillon C (2002): Startle reactivity and anxiety disorders: Aversive conditioning, context, and neurobiology. Biol Psychiatry 52:958–975

        View in Article

      8. Kent JM, Mathew SJ, Gorman JM (2002): Molecular targets in the treatment of anxiety. Biol Psychiatry 52:1008–1030

        View in Article
        • Marks I.M.
        • Swinson R.P.
        • Basaglu M.
        • Kuch K.
        • Nasirvani H.
        • O’Sullivan G.
        • et al.
        Alprazolam and exposure alone and combined in panic disorder with agoraphobia.
        Br J Psychiatry. 1993; 162: 776-787
        View in Article

      10. McNally RJ (2002): Anxiety sensitivity and panic disorder. Biol Psychiatry 52:938–946

        View in Article

      11. Mineka S, Öhman A (2002): Phobias and preparedness: The selective, automatic, and encapsulated nature of fear. Biol Psychiatry 52:927–937

        View in Article
        • Otto M.W.
        • Pollack M.H.
        • Sabatino S.A.
        • et al.
        Maintenance of remission following cognitive-behavior therapy for panic disorder.
        Behav Ther. 1996; 27: 473-482
        View in Article
        • Otto M.W.
        • Hong J.J.
        • Safren S.A.
        • et al.
        Benzodiazepine discontinuation difficulties in panic disorder.
        Curr Pharm Des. 2002; 8: 75-80
        View in Article
        • Pitman R.K.
        • Sanders K.M.
        • Zusman R.M.
        • Healy A.R.
        • Cheema F.
        • Lasko N.B.
        • et al.
        Pilot study of secondary prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder with propranolol.
        Biol Psychiatry. 2002; 51: 189-192
        View in Article

      15. Rapee RM (2002): The development and modification of temperamental risk for anxiety disorders: Prevention of a lifetime of anxiety? Biol Psychiatry 52:947–957

        View in Article
        • Schmidt N.B.
        • Wollaway-Bickel K.
        • Trakowski J.H.
        • Santiago H.T.
        • Vasey M.
        • et al.
        Antidepressant discontinuation in the context of cognitive behavioral treatment for panic disorder.
        Behav Res Ther. 2002; 40: 67-73
        View in Article
        • Wells A.
        • Clark D.M.
        • Salkovskis P.
        • Ludgate J.
        • Hackmann A.
        • Gelder M.
        • et al.
        Social phobia.
        Behav Ther. 1995; 26: 153-161
        View in Article
        • Wells A.
        • Papageorgiou C.
        Social phobia.
        Behav Ther. 1998; 29: 357-370
        View in Article

      Article info

      Identification

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01719-5

      Copyright

      © 2002 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

      ScienceDirect

      Access this article on ScienceDirect

      The content on this site is intended for healthcare professionals.


      We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. To update your cookie settings, please visit the Cookie Preference Center for this site.
      Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. except certain content provided by third parties.


      RELX