Abstract
Background
Anterior cingulate gyrus abnormalities have been suggested to be involved in the pathophysiology
of schizophrenia; however, little is known about morphologic changes in the perigenual
cingulate gyrus in schizophrenia patients.
Methods
We investigated perigenual cingulate gyrus volume in 40 schizophrenia patients (20
men, 20 women) and 40 age- and gender-matched normal controls using magnetic resonance
imaging. Volume of both gray and white matter of the perigenual cingulate gyrus was
measured on consecutive axial 1-mm slices.
Results
Total (left and right) perigenual cingulate gray matter volume was significantly reduced
in female schizophrenia patients compared with female controls. There was no significant
difference in the gray matter volume of the perigenual cingulate gyrus between male
patients and male controls. Left perigenual cingulate white matter volume was significantly
reduced in the patient compared with the control group. Furthermore, significant gender
differences were found in the total gray and white matter volume of the perigenual
cingulate gyrus in control subjects (women > men), although these gender differences
were not significant in the patient group.
Conclusions
Our findings suggests volume reduction of the perigenual cingulate gyrus in schizophrenia
patients, especially women and that gender differences in perigenual cingulate morphology
among normal subjects are, as has been suggested for other parts of the brain, reduced
in schizophrenia patients.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Biological PsychiatryAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Inversion of the hemispheric laterality of the anterior cingulate gyrus in schizophrenics.Biol Psychiatry. 1995; 38: 13-21
- Improved methods for image registration.Neuroimage. 1996; 3: 10-18
- The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA1984
- The Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS). University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA1984
- Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in schizophrenia.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1990; 47: 35-44
- Hypofrontality in neuroleptic-naive patients and in patients with chronic schizophrenia.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992; 49: 943-958
- Planum temporale asymmetry reversal in schizophrenia.Am J Psychiatry. 1997; 154: 661-667
- Neurobiological investigations in cingulate cortex of schizophrenic brain.Schizophr Bull. 1993; 19: 537-549
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging of symptom provocation in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996; 53: 595-606
- Anterior cingulate gyrus dysfunction and selective attention deficits in schizophrenia[15O]H2O PET study during single-trial Stroop task performance.Am J Psychiatry. 1997; 154: 1670-1675
- Caudate nuclei volumes in schizophrenic patients treated with typical antipsychotics and clozapine.Lancet. 1995; 345: 456-457
- Sex differences in the fetal human corpus callosum.Hum Neurobiol. 1986; 5: 93-96
- Possible sex differences in the developing human fetal brain.J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1991; 13: 831-846
- Schizophrenia as a chronic active brain process.Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 1997; 74: 129-140
- Contributions of anterior cingulate cortex to behavior.Brain. 1995; 118: 279-306
- Dopaminergic modulation of impaired cognitive activation in the anterior cingulate cortex in schizophrenia.Nature. 1995; 378: 180-182
- Shape and size of the corpus callosum in schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder.Schizophr Res. 2000; 42: 193-208
- Disturbed planum temporale asymmetry in schizophrenia. A quantitative post-mortem study.Schizophr Res. 1995; 14: 161-176
- The prognostic significance of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in schizophrenia.Am J Psychiatry. 1986; 143: 437-441
- Brain regions involved in recognizing facial emotion or identity.J Neuropsychol Clin Neurosci. 1993; 5: 384-394
- Brain activity during transient sadness and happiness in healthy women.Am J Psychiatry. 1995; 152: 341-351
- Normal sexual dimorphism of the adult human brain assessed by in vivo magnetic resonance imaging.Cereb Cortex. 2001; 11: 490-497
- Impact of normal sexual dimorphisms on sex differences in structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia assessed by magnetic resonance imaging.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002; 59: 154-164
- A follow-up magnetic resonance imaging study of schizophrenia.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1998; 55: 145-152
- Sex differences in regional cerebral glucose metabolism during a resting state.Science. 1995; 267: 528-531
- Anterior cingulate gyrus volume and glucose metabolism in autistic disorder.Am J Psychiatry. 1997; 154: 1047-1050
- SPECT analysis of regional cerebral blood flow changes in patients with schizophrenia during the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test.Schizophr Res. 1993; 10: 109-116
- Changes in regional brain glucose metabolism measured with positron emission tomography after paroxetine treatment of major depression.Am J Psychiatry. 2001; 158: 899-905
- Changes in caudate volume with neuroleptic treatment.Lancet. 1994; 344: 1434
- Superior temporal gyrus and the course of early schizophrenia.J Psychiatr Res. 1998; 32: 161-167
- Superior temporal gyrus volume in schizophrenia.Am J Psychiatry. 1996; 153: 50-56
- Brain abnormality in schizophrenia.Br J Psychiatry. 1998; 172: 110-120
- Patterns of cerebral blood flow in schizophrenia.Br J Psychiatry. 1992; 160: 179-186
- Cingulate function in depression.Neuroreport. 1997; 8: 1057-1061
- Gender differences in schizophrenia on MRI brain scans.Schizophr Bull. 1990; 16: 205-210
- Cingulate gyrus in schizophrenic patients and normal volunteers.Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 1995; 61: 201-208
- Neural correlates of memory organization deficits in schizophrenia.Schizophr Res. 2000; 42: 209-222
- Atlas of the Cerebral Sulci. Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart1990
- In vivo morphometry of the intrasulcal gray matter in the human cingulate, paracingulate, and superior-rostal sulci.J Comp Neurol. 1996; 376: 664-673
- Structural brain imaging in schizophrenia.Biol Psychiatry. 1999; 46: 627-649
- Exacerbation of pain by anxiety is associated with activity in a hippocampal network.J Neurosci. 2001; 21: 9896-9903
- Regional cerebral blood flow measured during symptom provocation in obsessive–compulsive disorder using 15O-labeled CO2 and positron emission tomography.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1994; 51: 62-70
- Obsessive–compulsive symptoms in schizophrenia.Schzophr Res. 1993; 9: 139
- Reduced [3H]flunitrazepam binding in cingulate cortex and hippocampus of postmortem schizophrenic brains.Neurochem Res. 1993; 18: 219-223
- Decreased dopamine D2 receptor binding in the anterior cingulate cortex in schizophrenia.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002; 59: 25-30
- Regional changes in brain gray and white matter in patients with schizophrenia demonstrated with voxel-based analysis of MRI.Schzophr Res. 2002; 55: 41-54
- Investigation of frontal lobe subregions in first-episode schizophrenia.Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 1999; 90: 1-15
- Lack of normal structural asymmetry of the anterior cingulate gyrus in female patients with schizophrenia.Schizophr Res. 2002; 55: 69-81
Talairach J, Tournoux P (1988): Coplanar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain. New York: Thieme Medical
- Limbic system abnormalities identified in schizophrenia using positron emission tomography with fluorodeoxyglucose and neocortical alterations with deficit syndrome.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992; 49: 522-530
- Corpus callosum shape and size in male patients with schizophrenia.Biol Psychiatry. 1998; 44: 405-412
- Human cingulate cortex.J Comp Neurol. 1995; 359: 490-506
- Implications of normal brain development for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1987; 44: 660-669
- The emotional counting Stroop paradigm.Biol Psychiatry. 1998; 44: 1219-1228
- Meta-analysis of corpus callosum size in schizophrenia.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1995; 58: 457-461
- A computerized magnetic resonance imaging study of corpus callosum morphology in schizophrenia.Psycol Med. 1993; 23: 45-56
- The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders. World Health Organization, Geneva1993
- Decreased DOPAC in the anterior cingulate cortex of individuals with schizophrenia.Biol Psychiatry. 1995; 38: 4-12
Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
June 20,
2002
Received in revised form:
June 11,
2002
Received:
April 1,
2002
Identification
Copyright
© 2003 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
