Abstract
Background: A disturbed function of striato-thalamo-cortical circuitry is hypothesized
to underlie idiopathic focal dystonia (IFD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD),
two severe and disabling neurologic and psychiatric disorders. Previous studies on
small samples showed either higher obsessionality scores or higher frequency of OCD
in dystonic patients than in normal control subjects. The aim of this study was to
evaluate the frequency and familial loading of OCD in a population of patients with
IFD.
Methods: We evaluated OCD diagnosis and family history in 76 patients affected by
IFD.
Results: Of our subjects 19.7% satisfied DSM-IV criteria for OCD diagnosis and had
a family morbidity risk for OCD of 13.8%, significantly higher than that found in
the general population.
Conclusions: Our results support the hypothesis of a common pathologic background
for OCD and IFD, at least in a subgroup of IFD, indicating basal ganglia dysfunction.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Biological PsychiatryAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Idiopathic torsion dystonia linked to chromosome 8 in two Mennonite families.Ann Neurol. 1997; 42: 670-673
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC1994
- The family history method using diagnostic criteria.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1977; 34: 1229-1235
- The family history approach to diagnosis. How useful is it?.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1986; 43: 421-429
- Comorbidity of panic and somatization disorder.Compr Psychiatry. 1995; 36: 411-420
- Cerebral glucose metabolic rates in non depressed patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.Am J Psychiatry. 1988; 145: 1560-1563
- Morbidity risk for obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders in first-degree relatives of patients with eating disorders.Am J Psychiatry. 2001; 158: 563-569
- Psychiatric disorders in the families of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.Psychiatry Res. 1992; 42: 111-120
- Obsessive-compulsive characteristics in patients with idiopathic spasmodic torticollis.Psychiatry Res. 1992; 42: 267-272
- Blepharospasm and obsessive-compulsive disorder.J Nerv Ment Dis. 1992; 180: 130-132
- Frequency of the DYT1 mutation in primary torsion dystonia without family history.Arch Neurol. 2000; 57: 333-335
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging of symptom provocation in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996; 53: 595-606
- Higher prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with blepharospasm than in patients with hemifacial spasm.Am J Psychiatry. 1998; 155: 555-557
- The neostriatum beyond the motor function.Neuroscience. 1997; 78: 39-60
- The metabolic topography of idiopathic torsion dystonia.Brain. 1995; 118: 1473-1484
- Classification of dystonia.in: Fahn S. Marsden C.D. De Long M. Dystonia 3. Vol. 78. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia1998: 1-10
- Basal ganglia and talamo-cortical hypermetabolism in patients with spasmodic torticollis.Acta Neurol Scand. 1996; 94: 172-176
- The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, I.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1989; 46: 1006-1011
- Altered cortical excitability in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Neurology. 2000; 54: 142-147
- Obsessive compulsive spectrum disorders.J Clin Psychiatry. 1995; 56 (discussion: 53–55): 3-6
- Botulinum toxin in the treatment of dystonic tics.Mov Disord. 1994; 9: 347-349
- The connections of the primate subthalamic nucleus.Brain Res Rev. 1997; 23: 62-78
- The DYT1 GAG deletion is infrequent in sporadic and familial writer’s cramp.Mov Disord. 2000; 5: 1238-1241
- Neuropsychiatric correlates and treatment of lenticulostriatal diseases.J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1998; 10: 249-266
- Frequency of familial inheritance among 488 index patients with idiopathic focal dystonia and clinical variability in a large family.Mov Disord. 1997; 12: 1000-1006
- Idiopathic torsion dystonia.Hum Mol Genet. 1996; 5: 1673-1677
- Functional anatomy of obsessive-compulsive phenomena.Br J Psychiatry. 1994; 164: 459-468
- Do the same genes predispose to Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and dystonia? Report of a new family and review of the literature.Mov Disord. 1999; 14: 826-831
- A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000; 57: 358-363
- The relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder and anxiety and affective disorders.Psychol Med. 2001; 31: 481-487
- Comparison of the family history method to direct interview. Factors affecting the diagnosis of depression.J Affect Disord. 1982; 4: 49-59
- Human gene for torsion dystonia located on chromosome 9q32–q34.Neuron. 1989; 2: 1427-1434
- A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder.Am J Psychiatry. 1995; 152: 76-84
Pauls DL, Hurst CR (1996): The Schedule for Tourette and other Behavioural Syndromes Adult on Child form. Yale Family/Genetic Study of Tourette Syndrome. Version C3. Editor: Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
- [18F] FDG PET Study in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Br J Psychiatry. 1995; 166: 244-250
- Increased activation of frontal areas during arm movement in idiopathic torsion dystonia.Mov Disord. 1998; 13: 309-318
- Regional cerebral blood flow measured during symptom provocation in obsessive-compulsive disorder using oxygen 15-labeled carbon dioxide and positron emission tomography.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1994; 51: 62-70
- Pathophysiology of idiopathic dystonia.Prog Neurobiol. 1998; 54: 633-677
- Neuroimaging and frontal-subcortical circuitry in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Br J Psychiatry. 1998; 173: 26-37
- Obsessive compulsive disorder and mood disorders.Am J Med Genet. 1995; 60: 475-479
- Cerebral glucose metabolism in childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder.Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1989; 46: 518-523
- Psychiatric comorbidity in patients with spasmodic torticollis.J Psychosom Res. 1998; 44: 687-690
Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
January 7,
2002
Received in revised form:
December 31,
2001
Received:
August 13,
2001
Identification
Copyright
© 2002 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
