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In this report we present evidence that early social experience influences aspects
of the function of brain biogenic amine systems, most notably the noradrenergic system.
Biogenic amine activity was studied in mother- vs. peer-reared monkey infants over
the first 6 months of life and in response to two housing transitions. Norepinephrine
(NE), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC),
homovanillic acid (HVA), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels in cerebrospinal
fluid (CSF) were measured. Peer-reared monkeys showed significantly higher CSF levels
of norepinephrine and MHPG than mother-reared animals over early development, but
showed an attentuated NE response to separation and group formation compared to mother-reared
animals. Peer-reared monkeys showed a greater developmental decline in 5-HIAA levels
than mother-reared monkeys. There were no rearing effects for DOPAC or HVA over early
development; however, peer-reared monkeys showed significantly lower HVA and DOPAC
concentrations at 6–8 months of age. The results add to evidence for the influence
of primate mothers on the psychobiological development of central nervous system neurotransmitter
systems in their infants, and suggest that the noradrenergic system is among the more
sensitive of these to early experience.
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Article info
Publication history
Received in revised form:
November 3,
1995
Received:
September 7,
1994
Footnotes
Implementation of the study was facilitated by Hermi Rojahn of the MacArthur Foundation and Dr. David Kupfer, Manuscript preparation was facilitated by the staff and resources of the Wisconsin Primate Research Center library, which is supported by PHS RR0169.
Identification
Copyright
© 1996 J. Benjamin. Published by Elsevier Inc.
